Bromination of trans-cinnamic acid Essay

AbstractThe bromination of trans-cinnamic mordant was undefiled to determine dibromides stereochemical structure and its tool. After the addition of atomic number 35 to trans-cinnamic acidulated, the product was identified by its thaw point and infrared spectrum resulting in erythro-2,3-Dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid after comparing similar properties. IntroductionIn this lab, the bromination of trans-cinnamic acid was completed to determine dibromides stereochemical structure, and from there determine whether the reaction is carried out by the usual bromonium ion appliance or a different mechanism. This is important in the determination of dibromides stereochemical structure, as a mechanism can be affected by changing a reactants structure.Cinnamic acid was used in this lab because as a naturally occurring compound, it has many different uses. It is used as a flavoring, in perfumes, and is a source to a large number of other natural substances. Cinnamic acid is helpful in pro viding flowers with their bright colors, besidesterflies with their colorful wings, and gives fall leaves their distinguishable color. These examples reveal the day-to-day uses of cinnamic acid, and shows that the addition of bromide to this particular acid is nothing extremely complex or an uncommon chemical compound, it is easily obtainable.After the addition of bromine to trans-cinnamic acid, the product is identified by its run point and infrared spectrum. The product could be erythro-dibromo, threo-dibromo, or a combination of both. Although obtaining a product consisting of both erythro and threo is possible, it results in an impure substance with a broad melting point range that contrasts pure dibromide. These particular compounds of erythro and threo are named as such to distinguish their two chiral centers, but no plane of symmetry. Both of these compounds are derived from simple sugars, erythrose and threose (Figure 1).Figure 1. Structures of Erythro and Threo Products C ompared to Erythrose and ThreoseAfter completing the addition of bromine ion acetic acid to a solution of trans-cinnamic acid in the same solvent, the product that is obtained can be identified by comparing the properties of erythro-2,3-Dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid and threo-2,3-Dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid.Results and DiscussionMelting PointThe melting point was stubborn to be 202C, which is extremely close to the literature value of erythro-2,3-Dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid, 204C. This is the first indicator that the product obtained possess a stereochemical structure resembling erythro-2,3-Dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid. Infrared SpectrumThe Infrared Spectrums collected from the starting material and the product look nigh identical, with functional groups C=O(1700 cm-1), O-H(3300-2600 cm-1), and C=C (1680-1640 cm-1) present. MechanismsAlthough a variety of mechanisms can be suggested for the addition of bromine to an alkene, the addition of bromine to the C = C in our fina l product illustrates an anti-addition.ExperimentalThe reaction was make in the fume hood with proper safety gloves on throughout the entire experiment. 10.0 mmol of trans-cinnamic acid was unite with 6.0 mL of glacial acetic acid with a stirbar in a 50 mL round-bottom flask. The round-bottom flask was placed on a magnetic stirrer with a separatory funnel everywhere the flask with the stopcock closed. 8.2 Ml of 1.25 M solution of bromine in acetic acid was poured into the separatory funnel and stoppered immediately. After starting the stirrer, the bromine/acetic acid solution was added in 5 portions once the color had faded to a light orange, about every 6 minutes, totaling 30 minutes for this process. once the last addition of the bromine solution was added, the reaction stirred at 50C for 15 minutes. At the end of the 15 minutes,cyclohexenes were added drop wise while the stirring continued until the solution was colorless. To separate, the mix was cooled in trash water unt il crystallization was observed. Through vacuum filtration, the solid product was collected and rinsed with portions of ice cold water until the odor derived from the acetic acid had disappeared. The 2.3-dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid was dried in order to judge its melting point.References1 Experiment is a modified version of an experiment found in Lehman, J.W. running(a) Organic Chemistry a problem-solving approach to the laboratory course, 3rd ed., Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 1999. 2 www.sigmaaldrich.com3. www.chemicalbook.com